Insomnia

Introduction
Insomnia – Mechanisms
Insomnia – Genetics
Insomnia – Underreported
Prevalence of insomnia
Duration of insomnia
Natural History of Insomnia
Insomnia Relapse
Daytime Impact of Insomnia
Comorbid Disorders
Economic Consequences
Symptoms – social effects
Symptoms – concentration
Symptoms – memory
Symptoms – sleepiness
Symptoms – accidents
Symptoms – common cold
Physician visits
Self-medicating
Persistent Insomnia is Associated with Mortality Risk
Insomnia and Cardiovascular Disease
Insomnia, Hypertension, CV and Diabetes
Insomnia types
Etiology of Insomnia
Hyperarousal in Insomnia
Increased Hyperarousal
Catecholamines
Increased Metabolic Rate
Body temperature
Reduced respiratory sinus arrhythmi
Sleep Efficiency Predicts CV
Sleep Quality, Duration and CV
Heart rate variability
CV and Insomnia
Elevated beta EEG
Neuroimaging of hypermetabolism
Neurobiology of Insomnia
Hypothalamus
Cortisol
Cytokines
Interleukin-6
Tumor necrosis factor
Melatonin production
Insomnia-like drosophila
Neurocognitive model of Insomnia
Cognitive Functioning
Causes of chronic insomnia
Medical causes
Insomnia is Comorbid
Bipolar and Schizophrenia
Neurohormonal Dysregulation
Autism
Medical Conditions that Cause Insomnia
Chronic Tinnitus
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Fatal Familial Insomnia
FFI – diagnostic criteria
FFI – Thalamic hypometabolism
FFI – Prion gene
Sporadic Fatal Insomnia
Psychiatric causes:
Depression
Prevalence of depression
REM latency and depression
Insomnia predicts depression
CBT-I and Recurrent Depression
REM Sleep Dysregulation
Sleep and Pain
Chronic Orofacial Pain and Insomnia
Fibromyalgia
Anxiety disorders
Onset of Insomnia
Posttraumatic stress disorder
PTSD – Nefazodone
PTSD – Prazosin
Schizophrenia
Sleep architecture
Personality disorders
Somatoform disorders
Substance Use Disorder
Digital Media and Sleep
Primary sleep disorders:
Psychophysiological insomnia
Paradoxical Insomnia
Inadequate sleep hygiene
Outdoor Nighttime Lights
Periodic limb movement disorder
Restless legs syndrome
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
CBT for OSA and Insomnia
Sleep apnea, insomnia and menopause
Circadian Rhythm Disorders
Sleep hygiene
Sleep hygiene rules
Alcohol and Insomnia
Sleep hygiene in Dementia
Exercise in Insomnia
Naps
Behavioral therapies
Subjective Sleep Quality
Relaxation therapy
Sleep restriction therapy
Stimulus control therapy
Cognitive therapy
Cognitive-behavioral Therapy
Online CBT for Insomnia
Intensive sleep retraining
Use of Behavioral Therapy
Internet based Treatment
Acupuncture
Music Intervention for Insomnia
Medications for insomnia
Prevalence of hypnotic use
Prescription Sleep Aid Use Among A
Gender use of hypnotics
Patterns of prescribed hypnotics
Annual medication use
Patient visits for medications
Hypnotics in Hospitalized Patients
Development of hypnotics
Chloral hydrate
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Withdrawal of Benzodiazepines
BDZ Receptor
Zolpidem
Zol – Sleep Latency
Zol – Chronic Insomnia
Zol – Long-term treatment
Zol – With SSRI’s
Zolpidem ER
Sublingual Zolpidem
Zopiclone
Eszopiclone
Zaleplon
Ramelteon
Tasimelteon
Agomelatine
Indiplon
Gaboxadol
Doxepin
Suvorexant
New hypnotics
Lemborexant
Daridorexant
Daridorexant – Safety
Almorexant
Sleep Induction
Rebound insomnia
Adverse effects of hypnotics
Hypnotic activity and performance
Half-Life
Anterograde amnesia
Falls and hip fractures
Sedative antidepressants
Tricyclic antidepressants
Newer antidepressants
Trazodone
Antihistamines
Over-the-counter medications
Melatonin
Valerian
Cannabinoids
Caution for hypnotics
Hypnotics and the elderly
Clinical Practice Guideline
Treatment strategies